Embryology of the eye
نویسندگان
چکیده
Afin d’appréhender les mécanismes qui sous-tendent la physiologie de la vision, la connaissance des bases embryologiques du développement de l’œil et de ses annexes est un prérequis indispensable. La morphogénèse oculaire débute au cours de la quatrième semaine de vie embryonnaire, alors que l’ébauche oculaire s’individualise des diverticules latéraux du cerveau antérieur par des mouvements morphogénétiques complexes. Elle sollicite la contribution respective des divers feuillets de l’embryon, le neurectoderme, l’ectoderme de surface, le mésoderme et les cellules de la crête neurale, pour l’élaboration de ses différentes composantes. Les perturbations des interactions cellulaires et des mécanismes moléculaires mobilisés au cours de ces étapes critiques sont responsables d’anomalies congénitales variées. Nous évoquerons, à cet égard, les processus embryologiques dont les dérégulations sont à l’origine des malformations oculaires et qui font, plus particulièrement, l’objet de chapitres détaillés dans cet ouvrage.
منابع مشابه
THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF INDOMETHACINE ON SULFUR MUSTARD-INDUCED OCULAR DAMAGE IN THE RABBIT EYE
Sulfur mustard, a bifunctional alkylating agent, causes severe eye injury. The injury is a result of late inflammation, which is mediated by prostaglandins. Theoretically, inhibition of prostaglandins by reagents such as indomethacine could result in alleviation of clinical adverse effects. In this study, the protective effect of topically applied indomethacine against sulfur mustard toxici...
متن کاملThe retinotectal projections after uncrossing the optic chiasma in Xenopus with one compound eye.
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The eye margin and compound-eye development in the cockroach: evidence against recruitment.
The compound eye of the cockroach nymph grows from stadium to stadium by the addition of new ommatidia to the growing edge of the eye. By a series of transplant operations on Periplaneta americana and from SEM studies on Gromphadorhina portentosa it is shown that the proliferating region of the eye margin is a budding zone. There is no recruitment of larval head-capsule epidermis into the eye.
متن کاملPostembryonic growth of the compound eye of the cockroach.
The postembryonic growth of the compound eye of the cockroach Periplaneta americana involves increases in the size of the individual ommatidia as well as a 35-fold increase in the number of ommatidia. These ommatidia are added to the anterior, dorsal, and ventral margins of the eye by means of an almost continuous process of cell division in the proliferation zone in these margins. This prolife...
متن کاملSmall group discussion for medical students to learning embryology
Background: One of the most important issues is the best method to teach embryology course to medical students. Small group discussion (SGD) were used to working together, integral to learningdeveloping intellectual skills and interactive learning experience. Methods: The 72 medical students were equally randomizedto the SGD (group I) and usual lecture based teaching (LBT), (group II) in genera...
متن کاملRetino-tectal projections from half-ventral and half-dorsal eye rudiments in Xenopus.
When the ventral half of a developing eye in Xenopus larvae was removed at stage 32, the remaining fragment rounded up and developed into an eye which looked macroscopically normal by mid-larval stages. Eyes from half-dorsal rudiments were usually small, had more than one ventral fissure, and showed abnormal pupils. The contralateral retinotectal projection was always found to be normally order...
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